Ī major goal was the Mission civilisatrice or " Civilizing Mission". It also provided manpower in the world wars. Rebuilding an empire restored French prestige, especially regarding international power and spreading the French language and Catholicism. As it developed, the new French empire took on roles of trade with the metropole, supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items. France rebuilt a new empire mostly after 1850, concentrating chiefly in Africa as well as Indochina and the South Pacific. The territory was then sold to the United States in 1803. The North American possessions were lost to Britain and Spain, but Spain later returned Louisiana (New France) to France in 1800. įrance began to establish colonies in North America, the Caribbean and India in the 17th century but lost most of its possessions following its defeat in the Seven Years' War. At its apex between the two world wars, the second French colonial empire was the second-largest colonial empire in the world behind the British Empire. A distinction is generally made between the " First French colonial empire," that existed until 1814, by which time most of it had been lost or sold, and the " Second French colonial empire," which began with the conquest of Algiers in 1830. The French Colonial Empire ( French: Empire colonial français) comprised the overseas colonies, protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward. Overseas departments and regions of France
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